Illustrated Examination of the Names and Realities of Plants original: 植物名實圖考, Zhìwù Míngshí Túkǎo

Great Smooth-Sinew Vine original: 大順筋藤, Dà Shùn Jīn Téng; "Shun" (順) implies smoothing or harmonizing, while "Jin" (筋) refers to tendons and sinews.

The Great Smooth-Sinew Vine grows on Yuelu Mountain in Changsha Yuelu Mountain is a famous cultural and scenic site in modern-day Hunan Province, historically rich in medicinal flora. It features green stems with reddish-brown nodes original: 赭節, zhějié and consists of weak, slender, and round trailing vines. Its leaves are about an inch long; they are wide at the base and taper finely toward the tip, coming to a point in a uniform fashion. The upper surface of the leaf is yellowish-green, while the underside is a pale bluish-white, marked by several strands of straight veins.

Short stalks emerge from the leaf axils, opening into small, five-petaled, reddish-brown flowers; each stalk bears a single flower. Its root system is dense and crowded with fibers, resembling the Ox-knee root 牛膝 (niúxī): Achyranthes bidentata, a common herb in Chinese medicine named for its stem nodes that resemble a bull's knees; it is primarily used for lower body circulation and joint health, though this vine's roots are thinner. Folk doctors original: 俚醫, lǐyī; refers to local healers or practitioners of traditional medicine outside of the formal imperial medical system use it to treat the sinews and bones and to unblock the joints.