Illustrated Investigation of the Names and Realities of Plants original: 植物名實圖考, Zhìwù Míngshí Túkǎo; this is a landmark 19th-century Chinese botanical work by Wu Qijun

Great Smooth-Sinew Vine original: 大順筋藤, Dà Shùn Jīn Téng; "Shun" (順) implies smoothing, harmonizing, or soothing, while "Jin" (筋) refers to tendons, ligaments, and sinews.

The Great Smooth-Sinew Vine grows on Yuelu Mountain in Changsha Yuelu Mountain is a famous cultural and scenic site in modern-day Hunan Province, historically known as a rich source of medicinal flora. It features green stems with reddish-brown nodes original: 赭節, zhějié; "zhe" refers to a hematite or ochre color and consists of delicate, slender, and round trailing vines.

Its leaves are approximately one inch long; they are broad at the base and taper elegantly toward the tip, coming to a point in a consistent, uniform fashion. The upper surface of the leaf is a vibrant yellowish-green, while the underside exhibits a pale bluish-white hue, marked by several distinct strands of straight veins.

Short stalks emerge from the leaf axils the angle between the upper side of a leaf and the stem, opening into small, five-petaled, reddish-brown flowers; each stalk bears a single flower. Its root system is dense and crowded with fibers, resembling the Ox-knee root 牛膝 (niúxī): Achyranthes bidentata, a common herb in Chinese medicine named for its prominent stem nodes that resemble a bull's knees; it is primarily used to improve lower body circulation and joint health, though the roots of this vine are notably thinner. Folk doctors original: 俚醫, lǐyī; refers to local healers or practitioners of traditional medicine who operated outside of the formal imperial medical system use this plant to treat ailments of the sinews and bones and to unblock the joints to restore mobility.