Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms, Volume 55

The North Ocean: The Kingdom of Prussia

The Province of Posen original: 波新部 (Boxin bu); modern Poznań
Its eastern border meets Poland; its western border meets Brandenburg original: 墨蘭領麥 (Meilanlingmai), a 19th-century transcription of Brandenburg; its southern border meets Silesia; and its northern border meets West Prussia.

This region lies within the borders of the former Kingdom of Poland; it was originally Polish territory but was later acquired by Prussia. The land is flat and level. Its total area is 11,885 square li Wei Yuan uses the Chinese li, but these figures are derived from European sources, likely referring to German square miles, with a population of 1,051,137 people. The administration is headed by one Governor-General Governor-Generaloriginal: 總領 (zongling); likely referring to the Oberpräsident or Provincial President, who oversees forty-three small districts. The inhabitants practice Catholicism original: 加特力教 (jiadeli jiao) and Lutheranism original: 教魯底蘭教 (jiaoludilan jiao). The local products include an extreme abundance of grain, cattle, and sheep.

The Province of Silesia original: 西里栖阿部 (Xiliqia bu)
Its eastern border meets Poland and Galicia original: 塞牙里西 (Saiyalixi); likely referring to the Austrian province of Galicia; its western border meets Thuringia original: 都領吉阿 (Dulingjia); its southern border meets Austria original: 歐塞特里 (Ouseteli); and its northern border meets Posen.

This province is situated between the two nations of Austria and Poland. It borders the Oder original: 阿達 (Ada) River. The western side of the province is quite mountainous, while the eastern side is characterized by sandy terrain. Its total area is 15,431 square li, with a population of 2,455,049 people. It governs forty-two small districts. The people here generally revere the Protestant original: 波羅特士頓教 (Boluoteshidun jiao) faith. At their head...