Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms

Is there anyone who will not submit to us?

First, to defeat the enemy, courage and spirit are of primary importance. Those with great courage and a flourishing spirit must surely be victorious. Moreover, on this occasion, killing one white barbarian original: "bai yi" 白夷 — referring to British or European soldiers. will result in a reward of one hundred dollars original: "yuan" 圓 — likely referring to Spanish silver dollars, the common trade currency in 19th-century Canton.. For a black barbarian original: "hei yi" 黑夷 — referring to Indian sepoys serving in the British forces., the reward is half that amount.

For those who capture an enemy alive, the reward will be doubled or even more, depending on the person's rank and status. Thus, killing ten barbarians nets one thousand dollars; killing one hundred barbarians nets ten thousand dollars. For those who achieve even more, they may even be granted an official rank. What a joy this would be! Even if one should fall in battle, their family will receive two hundred dollars as a compassionate bounty. Everyone should risk their lives, act with courage, achieve merit, and seek these rewards. If anyone retreats in the face of the enemy, they will be immediately beheaded and their head hung on a pole for public display.

Six Articles in Response to General Yishan Concerning the Defense of Guangdong Province

First: Vital water passages and entrances should be blocked and strictly guarded. At this time, since the barbarian ships original: "yichuan" 夷船 have already breached the Humen HumenAlso known as "The Bogue," this was the narrow strait in the Pearl River Delta leading toward Guangzhou. and penetrated deep into the interior...