III. FIGURE.

ENCELADUS.

He struggles indeed, and often tries to rise again;
but his right hand is pinned under Ausonian Pelorus,
the left, Pachynus, under you; his legs are pressed by Lilybaeum;
Etna weighs down his head.
Original Latin: "Nititur ille quidem, tentatque resurgere sæpe: / Dextra sed Ausonio manus est subjecta Peloro, / Læva Pachyne tibi, Lilybæo crura premuntur; / Prægravat Ætna caput." — Ovid, Metamorphoses, Book 5

THIS scene is nothing other than a supplement to the preceding one. The 1 triangular shape of the Island, and the Mountain which vomits forth a terrifying fire and takes up a portion of the scene, give enough indication that it is 2 Sicily. That monstrous Giant, whom the Mountain can barely cover, can be no one other than the notorious Enceladus, because it is on this Island that he was struck by lightning. One sees him holding with 4 one hand the Cape, or the promontory of Pelorus, and with the other that of Pachynos. „ At times the 5 Mountain bursts forth with a thick „ vapor of ash, smoke, and sparks. Then a whirlwind of „ flames emerges from it, rising even unto the Heavens; now it throws up rocks, „ melted within its burning caverns, toward the stars, and vomits forth its „ own entrails with a terrifying sound heard coming from deep within its „ base. It is said that Enceladus, half-burned by Jupiter’s lightning, is buried „ beneath this massive weight; that, pressed by Mount Etna, he still breathes „ out fire and flame through the open rifts; and that whenever he wishes to „ shift himself, the entire Island trembles and quakes with a terrifying noise, „ and the Sky is covered with a thick cloud of smoke.

R E M A R K S.

1. THE TRIANGULAR SHAPE OF THE ISLAND.] This is the reason why it received the name of Trinakria, Trinakia, Trinakris, or Triquetra These names derive from the Greek "treis" (three) and "akra" (capes/points).
2. SICILY.] The ancients believed that this Island was formerly attached to the mainland of Italy. See here how Virgil speaks of it in the IIIrd Book of his Aeneid: „ When the „ wind has carried you, after your departure, to the coast of Sicily, „ and the narrows of Pelorus begin to open up, then keep „ to your left hand, and rather sail in a great circuit „ around the sea. It is said that formerly both lands were joined „ together (so can the passage of time change things) „ until they were sprung apart by the noise and the wild violence of the water, „ and the sea, rushing forcefully between them, „ tore Italy away from Sicily“. Let us add to this the testimony of Claudian in his IInd Book of the Abduction of Proserpina: Sicily, he says, was formerly a „ part of Italy; but the violence of the sea has changed its „ situation. The victorious Nereus A sea god representing the ocean's power has prescribed new „ borders for it, and caused his fleets to sail through the mountains „ of this landscape.
3. BECAUSE IT IS ON THIS ISLAND etc.] This is evident from the testimonies of Virgil, Lucan, Claudian, and many other writers whom we shall not cite here. The passage from Virgil, cited in the 3rd Remark, is alone enough to prove it. The account of Ovid and some others, who attribute what is told here of Enceladus to Typhoeus Another monstrous giant often confused with Enceladus in mythology, is proof that in the history of

these two Giants many things have been mingled together.
4. WITH ONE HAND . . . . PACHYNOS etc.] Ovid has placed them in nearly the same locations in the verses we have set at the head of this discourse, just as we see them depicted here.
Pelorus, Pachynos, and Lilybæum are the three capes of Sicily, which give the Island its triangular shape. Pelorus is currently called Pharo or Cabo de la torre del Faro; Lilybæum, Cabo Boco; and Pachynos, Cabo Passaro.
5. THE MOUNTAIN.] This description is an imitation of these verses by Virgil, Aeneid. Book. III.

And sometimes it erupts a black cloud to the heavens,
smoking with pitch-black whirlwinds and glowing embers;
it raises balls of flame and licks the stars:
sometimes it heaves up rocks and the torn-out guts of the mountain,
vomiting them forth, and heaps up liquefied stones into the air
with a groan, and seethes from its deepest bottom.
The story goes that the body of Enceladus, half-consumed by lightning,
is weighed down by this mass, and that mighty Etna,
placed above him, exhales flames from its broken furnaces;
and as often as he changes his weary side, all
Sicily trembles with a murmur, and veils the sky in smoke.
Original Latin: "Interdumque atram prorumpit ad æthera nubem, / Turbine fumantem piceo & candente favilla; / Attollitque globos flammarum & sidera lambit: / Interdum scopulos avulsaque viscera montis / Erigit eructans, liquefactaque saxa sub auras / Cum gemitu glomerat, fundoque exæstuat imo. / Fama est, Enceladi semustum fulmine corpus / Urgeri mole hac, ingentemque insuper Ætnam / Impositam, ruptis flammam expirare caminis; / Et fessum quoties mutat latus, intremere omnem / Murmure Trinacriam, & cælum subtexere fumo."