The First Book of Mechanical Mathematical Instruments

nonetheless is pierced to pass the bar that makes the millstone turn; this is not done so easily with common ones, because there it is necessary to turn the entire building enclosed within the tower.

15 Another new structure of a mill for all winds, in which the sails (which are in the manner of frames), open on one side and closed on the other and pushed by the force of the winds, make it so that one can easily grind.
16 Another principle for a mill for all winds, not very unlike the previous one, in which the sails placed above the roof also serve for grinding.
17 Invention taken and drawn from the previous one for drawing water from below to above using the force of the wind.
18 Another invention which (although the principle is different) is nevertheless set for all winds to perform the same effect.
19 Third type of machine in which the wheel, being hidden in the water, has its movement by the course of the same, in such a way that the water is easily conducted from below to above by a certain sort of hollow screw.

This invention of the hollow screw was anciently invented by Archimedes, and then later demonstrated by Cardano in his book De Subtilitate original: "On Subtlety".

20 The fourth machine of the same type by which the wheel, pushed by the course of some river or stream, makes water easily rise to a higher place.
21 Another engine by which the wheel, pushed by the course of some river, allows one to easily draw water from a quite distant source.
22 New device by which the wheel, being (contrary to common usage) placed across the river (where there would be a lack of space), allows one to easily draw water from below to above.
23 Device of wheels that joins easily to any ship, by which and by the course of the same ship, the waters that would submerge it are easily exhausted.
24 New manner of locks by which one can make any sort of vessel approach up to the source of any fountain whatsoever.
25 New engine by which a single person can spin as much wool as five others do ordinarily.

In order to attribute to each person what belongs to him, I have desired to put here this figure, which is not of my invention, but that of Master Charles Desrue, a man very learned in such subtle inventions.