Byzantine Teaching Miscellany

Private exhortation original: "ἰδίᾳ παραίνεσις" — a personal moral guidance or collection of advice
Introductions: To rest; that is, to be at rest regarding our allotted fate, or even to win "without the dust" original: "ἀκονιτὶ νικᾶν" — an ancient Greek athletic idiom meaning to win without a struggle, as if one did not even need to get dusty in the wrestling pit; to exceed one's lot. This common saying regarding justice is an ancient custom; and to transform or exceed; to conquer in beauty; it seems best; and with forethought; we said that necessary things were prepared. —
Exchanging... To exchange an opinion; instead of having nothing else at hand, but—
To take off the ring original: "ἀφορεῖν τὸν δακτύλιον" — a Pythagorean symbol often interpreted as a reminder not to bind one's soul to transitory things; why then should one complete this life? And one must not wear a mask of chains on one's own face.
Regarding your own strength, you might be well instead of being in a state of anger, if you do not provoke; for it was not set forth but sealed upon what was already lying there. —
To look into the heart; and not to crush the soul with worries at all, even as the wild beasts do.
To abstain from beans original: "κυάμων ἀπέχεσθαι" — one of the most famous and debated Pythagorean prohibitions, variously interpreted as a ban on eating beans, an injunction against participating in politics (where beans were used for voting), or a symbolic sexual taboo; a zeal for meddling; and yet to have been sold off; the business of being a merchant through which most people were placed in positions of power. —
To exchange instead of "to change" original: "μεταλλάζειν"; into that which is worthy of blame, a word with a free man; for together, speech is the nourishment of the mind. —
And to turn back upon reaching the borders; nothing... that is, not to die, and seeing the border of life being near, to bear it easily and without weakness. —
We receive beginnings instead of poverty, nor is it possible to say or to be able to do it in deed; but one must use the tongue. private

It flows to flatter a father; it is of no concern to anyone; and let there be no fear; and may you have no grief. —
These are not the commands of nobility; for the worst things happen to wealth, if something were to be done;
Not of piety, but regarding faith and truth, it removes many diseases when it abounds. —
Value the droplets, but of the wealthy; let no one neglect those being tortured. — A useless life is a reproach, yet even this is something. —
And not only according to the scripture. —

He conquers in it; and he set [him] free. Libanius Libanius (c. 314–392 AD) was a famous Greek teacher of rhetoric in the later Roman Empire; as if that also seemed to him to have been set right by them, regarding the whole. A certain new and strange "upward path"; and unexpected. Chrysostom Saint John Chrysostom (c. 347–407 AD), an influential Early Church Father known for his powerful preaching; they did not allow [entry] toward it; we were destined for the tree of life in paradise. And the upward path is unfailing; and inexhaustible, as if nothing more would come nor go out; and for us, of the fruits from here. Chrysostom: someone bitter into our souls. All together; instead of "together." all together

Thucydides The famous 5th-century BC Athenian historian; "all together" original: "ἄθροοι" instead of "en masse"; they brought the war continuously, through these foods and these gathered together without struggle and through farming. And this: one must serve not people in a mass, but must do good to each one individually. And "all together" instead of "suddenly" and "unexpectedly"; the infinite path of passing by; "simply" instead of "carelessly" and "unfreely" simply of matters in speeches, simply. But the things that are attentive and simply lovable. Chrysostom: for Divine Scripture did not simply condescend to you to preach through all kinds of words, teaching us how one must love God; and "simply" instead of "essentially"; and to speak simply to each of those after severe evils. To glorify to glorify in the Attic style referring to Atticism, a rhetorical movement that favored the language of Classical Athens instead of "I beautify"; a conjunction; and he glorifies us ourselves with beauties. To mutilate original: "ἀκρωτηριάσαι"; instead of "to cut off the extremities"; and they might mutilate or cut everything off. Chrysostom: and the removals of those things written in the inscriptions; for those who fought through the custom reading... after he had mutilated; a speech being read. And "being read" [can mean] "upwards"; "up" and "being persuaded"; as if something appears, both flattery and betrayal; of sound mind original: "ἀρτιγνώμονες"; he did not of sound mind... and Libanius: it did not appear to those of sound mind—

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