PRIMATES OF THE EAST: 4TH CENTURY.

...the Antonian tradition of humility in it.

And after Barbaschemin had been hidden/secret for seven years¹, and his fame filled the sanctuary, his matter reached Shapur the Persian king, and he seized him immediately, along with sixteen confessors and righteous deacons, according to his desire that they should sacrifice. And when they did not wish to, he destroyed them, and killed them in Ledan, in the province of the Huzites term: Khuzestan, on the ninth day of the month of the latter Kanun gloss: January. And they set a seal; and they left the holy ones who had been slain, so that everyone who was like them was killed.

A name that is Chaldean, which is translated "Long-suffering" original: "Marik Aris"², the name of one of the evening stars.

1. S. Maruthas in Acts of the Oriental Martyrs, I, 111, sqq., relates that Barbaschemin, whom Sozomen calls Barbasymes, was captured by the order of Shapur in the sixth year of the persecution, in the month of February, along with sixteen companions. After he had remained shut up in a dark prison for eleven months, he was led to Ledan in the region of the Huzites, and there he reported the palm of martyrdom, on the ninth day of the latter Kanun, that is, according to Steph. Ev. Assemanus, on the 14th day of January in the seventh year of the persecution, 346 AD. It is added in the Acts that the Seleucian see remained vacant after his death for about twenty years. Furthermore, from Elias of Nisibis, we learn below that Tumarza entered the Seleucian episcopate in the year 384, and therefore it is necessary that the see remained vacant longer or the name of some patriarch has been omitted. In truth, Pho-

profess humility through their Antonian vestment.

After Barbaschemin had fulfilled his duty secretly for seven years¹, the rumor about him reached Shapur, and he captured him together with sixteen men, presbyters, and believers, all of whom he kept enclosed in prison for eleven months, attempting with many blandishments to lead them to the worship of the Magi; but when they refused, he killed them in Ledan, a town of the Huzites, on the ninth day of the month of the latter Kanun (January). Then the bishops neglected to appoint a head for themselves, because those whom they had appointed had all been killed.

14. After Barbaschemin, TAMUZA².

The name is Chaldean, which in Greek is rendered Ares (Mars), the name of one of the wandering stars.

tius (Bibliotheca, cod. 52) remembers a certain bishop of Seleucia named Bizus, who attended the Antiochene synod of 383 with Marutha, bishop of Maiphercata.

2. The Chaldean writers call this man Tumarsa or Tumarz. Cf. Assem., Bibl. Orient., II, 400. He entered the Seleucian episcopate, according to Elias of Nisibis, in the same year that Honorius the emperor was born and that Shapur III obtained the kingdom of the Persians, namely Gr. 695, Chr. 383-384. Elias notes these things from Socrates, from the Annals of the Kings of Persia, and from Jesudenha for the aforesaid year: "In the year 695, Honorius, king of the Romans, was born, and Shapur, son of Ardashir, ascended to the kingdom of the Persians."