New Theater of Machines

into which the spur wheel or cogwheel E engages, has a cranked rod F, which can be governed by one or two persons through the rod G. The movement of the bolter happens through the rod H, and I can be made of wood and iron, as thought above, and thus arranged so that one can adjust I high or low, which will always have to be kept in mind with these types of mills.

Note. The two flywheels A and B can be made with attached weights or lead poured into the rim of the same, according to everyone's desire or opinion.

The XII. Figure.

Of Another Hand Mill.

This is the twelfth type of a hand mill, which is almost the same as the previous one, but has only one flywheel A, besides the spur wheel B and a lantern pinion C, together with the cranked rod D, which is moved by the rod E and can be governed by one person. The movement of the bolter happens through the small rod F, and the body G is prepared in the same way as thought above.

Note. There would indeed be many more types of hand mills to add, but since the understanding artist will have enough from the previous instructions for others, they have been intentionally omitted and left out to avoid further prolixity.

The XIII. Figure.

A Tread Mill.

This mill, which is trodden and moved by a large suspended tread-wheel A with two persons, has on its axle tree on both sides at C and D a lantern pinion, into which the two spur wheels F and G engage, as well as two other lantern pinions below. However, through the two stones H and I, a material that one wants to crush—such as coal for making powder or flaxseed; likewise nuts, almonds, and the like—can be very usefully

ground or crushed. One can bind the spoons L L at K K as one likes, so that the material always guides itself better under the stone, which experience will teach itself with such mills.

The XIV. Figure.

A Tread Mill.

This type of mill can be easily trodden by one person through a flat-lying wheel A; however, the lying wheel must have strong pins at the bottom near its outermost edge, as can be seen at F, so that they engage into the sticks of the axle tree at B and thus cause the rotation of the axle tree G. Attached at the front of the axle tree is the cogwheel C, which engages with its tooth into the lantern pinion D, upon which lantern pinion the rotating millstone is then further fastened, and accomplishes its task through the stone E lying upon it.

Note. The larger the diameter or the width of the tread-wheel in general, the easier it is to tread, especially when it is also not placed too low; however, it must also be kept in mind that one should not place it too high, and generally in such a setup, 30, 40 to 45 degrees are observed.

The XV. Figure.

Of a Tread Mill.

This is a double mill; it has a large tread-wheel N, which can be governed by the help of two persons, and the axle tree of said wheel has a spur wheel on both sides, which engage into the sticks at M and L and thus lead around the two attached wheels, whose side pins engage into the two lantern pinions P and Q, and thus cause the rotation of the millstones at R and S. Into the boxes V and T, the grain, or whatever one wants to grind, is poured, and the discharge is led into the two boxes Z and X; the building for this mill can be arranged according to whatever one's situation allows.

Note. Here, one must keep in mind that one should not make the tread-wheel too small