Practical Manual of Artillery

For 15 or 20 woodworkers, and more or less according to the number of artillery pieces to mend and accommodate the carriages and broken wheels, 10 crowns of pay for each one.
For the apprentices of these carpenters, 4 crowns for each one per month.

Since boats must be conducted in the army to make bridges to pass the artillery over rivers, the boatmen and caulkers will also be of much service, whose number will be according to that of the boats, with 10 crowns of pay for each one per month.

The Sailors also, who are brought into an army for the service of the artillery, are of the greatest importance, both for embarking and disembarking the pieces, and for pulling them and taking them out of the swamps, with winches and other devices, and making them ascend with speed over mountains, and retaining them also at the descent of them. The number of the aforementioned Sailors will be according to that of the pieces, which will be conducted in the enterprise, with 6 crowns for each one of pay.

For a Master-builder, or Captain of the aforementioned sailors, to command them and govern them all, 12 crowns of pay per month.

For every Blacksmith, to shoe the carriages and wheels, and repair the ironwork damaged and broken in them, to make nails, and many other things, 10 crowns of pay per month, and 4 crowns to each of their apprentices. The number of these will be according to that of the artillery pieces and wagons of the army, as above.

For 6 or 7 Farriers and Veterinary Surgeons, to shoe and treat the horses that serve in the state of the artillery, 10 crowns of pay to those who are simple farriers; and 12 or 15 to the veterinarians, and 4 crowns for an apprentice, who is paid for the Master.

Sometimes it has been used that the Generals of the Artillery, to avoid so many salaries and escape so many expenses, among the positions of Bombardiers, interject some of the aforementioned officials, that is, Carpenters, Sailors, Boatmen, Blacksmiths, and Powder-makers, which officials, he wants to have to serve in their trades, and also in that of the Bombardier, which in time of peace can be done well; but in time of war, I do not like so much avarice. Because, just as every hour it is seen that in batteries and other artillery actions the Bombardiers are killed, the army then remains deprived of men of one trade and the other, which is a very great inconvenience, due to the lack that, by their dying, they cause in the army.

Sappers also in the army are of great importance. The number of these will be according to the will of the Prince, or the General of the army, and according to the quality of the enterprise. And their salary will be a Giulio a small silver coin per day for each, and at times 3 crowns per month, according to the need one has for them.

For every 300 Sappers, a Captain is paid to govern them and command them all, with 20 crowns of pay per month.

For every hundred Sappers, a supervisor is needed to make them work with diligence, with 6 crowns per month of pay.

Regarding the horses, or oxen, that pull the artillery and the other ammunition wagons of the army, it also touches the General of the artillery to make the markets, or let us say the agreements with the owners of them, and to assign them the salary, which they have to have for all the time that the war lasts.

6 crowns are paid for the horses for each one per month, including in these, however, the salary of the Carter and of two apprentices, who serve for every 8 horses.

For every 16 wagons of those used to conduct ammunition, one wagon is paid to the Master of the Horses to be able to carry the provision of grain, hay, and other things, to sustain all the horses.

The number of artillery pieces will be according to the quality of the enterprise that will have to be done, and the number of horses, or oxen, to conduct them, will be according to the number and quality of the pieces. And the same will be of the quality and quantity of the ammunition, which will have to be made for the use and service of the action.

To conduct a Battery Cannon, 12 pairs of horses are needed, with good weather, that is, and good road, and all other pieces are needed at the rate of this one, which, for not being a firm and infallible rule, it does not happen to explain them all here. Being a manifest thing that if a piece gets stuck in the mud, or if it wants to ascend over a mountain or hill, then it will be necessary to put in front of it many pairs of horses, or of oxen, and also at times such number of soldiers, as are sufficient to pull it. However, walking on flat ground,