TO PUT A FLAT SQUARE SURFACE INTO FORESHORTENING.

Chapter One.

Let the plan or Ichnography ground-plan of the square A, B, C, D be made, and for the other plan which must be the Orthography elevation, one must draw a ground line E, F and mark on it one of the sides of the square at the points G, H. Then one must have the point of distance at will, which will be marked O. Then draw the cut line I, L. Afterward, one must draw the visual rays from each angle of the square to point O, which will cut the cut line at points 3, 1, 2, 4. And after, one must raise the height point on the ground line of the Orthography, and let that point be as far from the cut line as the one for distance. After, draw the visual rays from points G, H to the said height point marked M, which will cut the cut line at points 5, 6. Afterward, one will have to perform the transfer of the foreshortened lines which are on the two cut lines in this fashion.

Let a hidden line marked M, E be drawn on line I, L, which will represent N, O, and let the height M, E be equal to the height of the height point E, M. And let the points 3, 1, 2, 4 be marked on I, L, and let hidden perpendicular lines be raised on the said points. After, let the height of the Orthography from point R (which is the point on the ground line where the cut line rises) to point 5 be taken, which height will be placed on the foreshortening on points 3, 4 at points C, D. Then draw the line E, D, and after one must take the height R, 6 and erect it on 1, 2 at points A, B. Then draw the line A, B. After, draw the line A, E and B, D; the square will be put into foreshortening.

As for the point from which one must view the said square, it will be perpendicular on point E of the height M, and also as distant from the said point M as is the cut line from the points of distance or of height.

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