Certaine Miscellany Works

(though he had imposed on him the strictest original: "strait" penance to atone for original: "expiate" his first offense,) would have counseled him to give up the pursuit of his right to Urbino original: "Vrbin". That territory he afterward successfully regained and has transmitted to his family even to this day.

Nothing was more unjust than the invasion by the Spanish Armada in 1588 upon our seas; for our land was "holy land" to them—they might not touch it Bacon is likely speaking ironically here, noting that the Spanish forces failed to even set foot on English soil. Shall I say, therefore, that the defense of Lisbon or Cadiz original: "Cales" afterward was unjust?

There are thousands of examples. "I use unnecessary examples in a matter that is not in doubt" original: "Utor in Re non dubiâ Exemplis non necessarijs". The reason is plain: wars are acts of vengeance original: "Vindictae", revenges, and reparations. But revenges are not infinite; they must be according to the measure of the first wrong or damage. And therefore, when a voluntary offensive war, by the design or fortune of the war, is turned into a necessary defensive war, the scene of the tragedy is changed, and a new act begins. For the particular actions of war, though they are complicated in fact, are nonetheless separate and di—