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...the causes on both sides were these, etc. original: utrinque Causæ, istæ fuerunt, &c. The truest cause of this war, though least spoken of, I believe to have been this: that the Athenians, having grown great to the terror of the Lacedaemonians the Spartans, imposed upon them a necessity for war. But the causes that were publicly discussed were these, etc.
Sulpicius Galba, the Consul, when he persuaded the Romans to engage in a preventive war against the later Philip, King of Macedon Philip V of Macedon, whose expansion threatened Roman interests, regarding the great preparations which Philip then had underway and his designs to ruin some of the allies of the Romans, confidently said: that those who took that for an offensive war did not understand the nature of the question.
"It seems to me, Citizens, that you do not realize that the question before you is not whether you shall have war or peace—for Philip, who is preparing a massive war by land and sea, will not leave that choice to you—but whether you will transport your legions into Macedonia, or receive the enemy into Italy." original: Ignorare videmini mihi, (Quirites,) non utrum bellum an pacem habeatis, vos consuli, (neque enim liberum id vobis permittet Philippus, qui terrâ marique ingens bellum molitur,) sed utrum in Macedoniam legiones transportetis, an hostem in Italiam recipiatis.
You seem to me, you Romans, not to understand that the consultation before you is not whether you shall have war or peace (for Philip will ensure you shall