Averroes' Paraphrase of Plato's Republic

not unlike a prelude to the acquisition of its own perfection. Similarly, he who possesses this virtus virtue/excellence most absolutely ought to be an aid to him who possesses it less perfectly, by showing him the principles of his own perfection. For example, the art of making bridles serves the art of horsemanship, as a kind of preparation for it. The latter teaches the former how a bridle ought to be more suitable and convenient, and also how they might converge toward the same intent. In the first part, however, it was declared in how many ways each art obtains dominion over others. If, therefore, such an assembly of men were not found, neither would human virtues be found; or if they were found, they would indeed be imperfect.

as virtues?
as penalties here?
thus here as?
powers of the soul?
parts of one?

And finally, all these virtues relate to the parts of this Res Publica Republic just as the powers of the soul relate to the parts of one soul. For a Republic of this kind will be wise in the part by which it contemplates, and it will rule over the remaining parts, just as a human being is wise in the part by which he exercises reason, and commands the other powers of the soul. I understand by these powers, however, that part which adheres to and is joined with the rational, such as the irascibilis irascible/spirited part, and also the concupiscibilis concupiscible/desiring part. For in this way, it will possess moral virtues; for it will commit and move itself toward those things that correspond to and agree with both the judgment of the intellect and the time constituted and considered by it. In addition to these, it will also be strong in that part,