Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers

...Chilon, Bias, and Pittacus. Many count among these Anacharsis the Scythian, Myson of Chenae, Pherecydes the Syrian, and Epimenides the Cretan. Others add the tyrant Pisistratus. And these indeed were called wise. But there were two principles of philosophy: one which flowed from Anaximander, and another which flowed from Pythagoras. Thales was the teacher of Anaximander, and Pherecydes of Pythagoras. And that kind of philosophy was called Ionian, because Thales was from Ionia. For being a Milesian, he instructed Anaximander. But this one is called Italic, because its author, Pythagoras, philosophized for the most part in Italy. The Ionian line ends 14. in Clitomachus, Chrysippus, and Theophrastus; the Italic in Epicurus. Indeed, Anaximander succeeded Thales, Anaximenes succeeded Anaximander, Anaxagoras succeeded Anaximenes, Archelaus succeeded Anaxagoras, and Socrates succeeded him, who was the first to discover ethics. Following him were the rest of the Socratics, and especially Plato, who established the old Academy; Speusippus and Xenocrates followed Plato, Polemon followed him, and Crantor and Crates followed Polemon, to whom Arcesilaus succeeded, who introduced the middle Academy. Lacydes followed him, who discovered the new Academy, Carneades followed Lacydes, and Clitomachus followed him, and in this manner it ended with Clitomachus. But thus it ended in Chrysippus: Antisthenes succeeded Socrates, Diogenes the Cynic succeeded Antisthenes, Crates the Theban succeeded him, Zeno of Citium succeeded Crates, Cleanthes succeeded Zeno, and Chrysippus succeeded him. It ended with Theophrastus thus: Aristotle succeeded Plato, and Theophrastus succeeded Aristotle. And in this manner the Ionian philosophy ended. Furthermore, this was the series of the Italic: Pythagoras succeeded Pherecydes, Telauges the son of Pythagoras succeeded Pythagoras, Xenophanes succeeded him, Parmenides succeeded him, Zeno the Eleatic succeeded him, Leucippus succeeded Zeno, and Democritus succeeded Leucippus. Many succeeded Democritus, but among the rest Nausiphanes...