Epitome of the Complete Works of Galen

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proper operation, the obstruction of the passages itself will be called a disease only; the tumor, however, not at all, but the cause of the obstruction. But if the affected part holds some proper task, for this reason both the obstruction itself and the tumor of the particle must be called a disease. Just as, for example, if the tunic of some vein that is in the gibbosities the rounded projections or lobes of the liver swells to such a degree that its cavity is obstructed, the tumor itself will be called a disease because it injures blood-making; the obstruction likewise, because it impedes distribution. For those affections that first injure operation are those that both are, and are truly called, diseases.

Disease in formation.

But the injury of an operation should be called a passion or a symptom, not a disease. However, the affection that brought it about is called a disease absolutely; just as a morbific cause is whatever has produced the disease itself, if it does not bring about another injury. An aneurysm, therefore, is an example of a disease that consists in the genus of formation. But in number, we had assigned two differences of diseases: namely, when some particle grows or abounds. Each of these differences is again cut into two others. For of those things that abound, some are clearly from the natural genus, such as if a sixth finger is born on someone; others are wholly outside of nature, such as if worms are generated in the belly or a stone in the bladder. Similarly, of the parts that are deficient, some are utterly abolished, while others are cut by half; and both happen either by nature or by disease. From these, however, whatever impedes function is contained in the genus of diseases by the same reason. But whatever cools some part dedicated to an operation, or does not transmit enough nourishment to it, are called causes of diseases. Some things, however, are judged to be both diseases and causes of diseases, such as if the uvula original: "gurgulio" is cut off at the root. For it both disturbs the voice and cools the chest and lungs. In magnitude also, various diseases happen: where, namely, the whole

The injury of function is not called a disease, but a passion or symptom.

What the cause of disease should be called.

Disease in number is twofold: each difference of which is split in two ways.

The uvula cut off disturbs the voice and cools the chest and lungs.