PREFACE.

This apparatus criticus critical apparatus includes all the editions I have examined, that is, whatever is of any importance to one practicing the critical art. In the same way, on every left-hand page, so that there would be no doubt as to the authority of the manuscripts upon which my chosen reading rests, I have placed the signs of all the manuscripts accurately collated, with the prefix Mss. This abbreviation signifies in the critical apparatus itself all the manuscripts noted above, unless the sign (,, ") is added. Wherever the name of the person who marked his own manuscripts with that abbreviation is not added, it signifies the English manuscripts collated by Jacobus Gronovius, concerning which see the prolegomena, p. LXXII. In listing the manuscripts, I have everywhere kept the same order in which their signs are placed above the apparatus. I have placed the manuscripts I examined myself before those examined by others; but before the editions, I have placed only the accurately collated manuscripts, that is, those whose readings were explicitly noted. Conversely, I have placed those from which nothing was noted, along with those that were less accurately collated or only checked in individual places, beneath the editions, so that the sign of an accurately collated manuscript placed after the editions signifies nothing but its silent agreement with the edition with which it was collated 7. All signs refer to what precedes them, none to what follows. Whatever had to be added concerning individual manuscripts, I have enclosed in parentheses along with their signs. I have not placed words that I received into the context of the speech in the critical apparatus (certainly from chapter 21 of Book I, for in the preceding chapters I did this in almost all places where it seemed to me that I ought to depart from the vulgate reading), unless the manuscripts had to be named because they were only inspected in individual places, or some annotation had to be added. For I thought the annotations of previous editors, as well as those of Modius and Barthius, which dealt with the emendation of any passage, should be inserted into the critical apparatus, even if I disapproved of them, though often in fewer words to save space; for this reason, I also placed no dots between the signs, except where they consisted of several individual letters. I have placed an explanation of the signs in the prolegomena. In Cicero's Dream of Scipio, I have rested content with those things I had noted from my manuscripts and from the editions of Macrobius: for here, in each passage, it seemed to me that the question was what he had read, not what Cicero had written.

7) Thus on p. 80, FSR2v-gbGBER.BEN.LTR.H2 signifies that the words "as the father looks upon" original: "patrem qua intuetur" are noted from the manuscripts FSR2, i.e., from the Frisingensis, Salisburgensis, and the second Rehdigeranus, but that nothing was noted from the manuscripts GBER, i.e., from the monastery of St. Gall and the Berlin codex, so that they appear to agree with the editions with which they were collated: G with g, Ber. with b, i.e., the St. Gall manuscript with the Gryphian edition, the Berlin manuscript with the Bipontine edition. Added to these are BEN.LTR., because the same was noted by Gronovius from the English manuscripts, those of Benedict College, the Lincolnian, and Trinity College, and H2, because it is also read inscribed by a second hand on the margin of the Hervagian edition copy that is in the Bern library.