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M. Tullius Cicero in On the Republic, book I: "When they had fortified [a place] with locations and also enclosed it by hand, they called such a union of buildings a town or an urbs city (physical buildings), distinguished by temples and public spaces. Therefore, a populus people is every such gathering of a multitude as I have described; every civitas citizenship/organized state is the constitution of the people." — And in the second: "By whose authority and leadership the civitas state was stirred up." — Sisenna, Histories, book IV: "Finally, when the civitas body of citizens was uncertain and trembling with various inclinations, Pomponius occupied the higher ground with a light-armed soldier."
Between COGITARE to think/consider and DELIBERARE to deliberate/decide there is this difference. To cogitare is to consider; to deliberare is to confirm. Turpilius in Boethuntia:
SCIUS knowing and CONSCIUS sharing knowledge with another/accomplice differ in this, that scius is knowing by oneself, conscius is knowing with another; although we have read conscium used indifferently.
AUSPICIUM augury/signs from birds and AUGURIUM divination/interpretation of omens are distinguished by these understandings, that auspicium is the inspection of birds and those things which are signified by their flight and cries; augurium, however, embraces the prudent and diligent conjectures of all things.