The Fragments of the Histories

correct view was demonstrated by Otto 1) Stud. Lips. XI suppl. (1889). Incidentally, given the opportunity, I cannot but express my greatest thanks to Otto, a most illustrious man. He has not only conferred a great benefit upon me and all the students and friends of our discipline with his most excellent book, but, such is his learning, courtesy, and kindness, he has also frequently gifted me from his deep abundance of knowledge and helped me in this little dissertation., and he saw that both the entire book on the Mithridatic wars and most parts of the emphulion Civil Wars were excerpted from the hypomnemata memoirs/notes of Strabo; at the same time, Vogel 2) "Plutarchean Questions" (diss. Marburg 1889). had seen that wherever Appian and Plutarch used the same Greek author, this was Strabo. Otto doubts concerning the first book of the Civil Wars, but I believe that Arnold and Vogel correctly taught that the memory of Posidonius and other writers was provided to Appian through Strabo up to book I, chapter 106; moreover, there is no reason for us to deny that the splendid and ample funeral of Sulla provided a splendid end to the work for Posidonius. But the style of Appian's narrative from chapter 107 (i.e., from the year 78 onwards) is entirely different, and I contend that he used Sallust as a source from that point up to book II, chapter 7. For it is agreed that in the second book, in the part concerning the Catilinarian conspiracy, Sallust's narrative is fused with that of another author 3) Wijnne loc. cit. p. 41; Wiedemann in Philol. XXI p. 473; Dübi in ann. phil. 1876 p. 866; Schliephake, "Greek sources for the Catilinarian conspiracy" (program, Goslar 1877); Buresch in "Commentary to Ribbeck" p. 217.; and I shall endeavor to demonstrate below that in the end of the first book, Sallust was also almost always excerpted, despite the denials of Wijnne and Arnold. Otto has recently snatched from the darkness of oblivion and restored Strabo's own great and learned work, the historika hypomnemata historical memoirs; but it is very difficult to judge which authors Strabo had, since he, given his learning and diligence, was accustomed to reading very many and very diverse writers of history and excerpting them for his own use. Plutarch narrated this age in the lives of Sulla, Pompey, Sertorius, Crassus, and Lucullus, the greatest part of which Peter 4) "Sources of Plutarch in the Biographies of the Romans" 1865. believed was drawn from Sallust. Thouret, in Stud. Lips. I p. 333 sqq., understood that this opinion, while not at all false, must be protected by the fact that Appian and Plutarch share a common source, but Judeich, "Caesar in the Orient" (1885) p. 46, had already conjectured that this was Strabo.