Saint Augustine, The City of God, Vol. II

From this, even by their own admission, the soul is not affected by the flesh alone so that it desires, fears, rejoices, or sickens, but it can also be agitated by these movements from itself.

CAPUT VI.

5 Of the quality of the human will, under whose judgment the affections of the mind are held to be either depraved or right.

It matters, however, what the will of man is; because if it is perverse, it will have perverse movements; but if it is right, they will be not only blameless but even praiseworthy. 10 For the will is in all things; indeed, all are nothing other than wills. For what is desire and joy except a will in agreement with those things that we want? And what is fear and sadness except a will in disagreement from those things that we do not want? But when we agree by seeking
15 those things that we want, it is called desire; when, however, we agree by enjoying those things that we want, it is called joy. Likewise, when we disagree from that which we do not want to happen, such a will is fear; when, however, we disagree from that which happens to those who do not want it, such a will is sadness. And altogether, according to the variety
20 of things that are sought and avoided, just as the will of man is enticed or offended, so it is changed and turned into these or those affections. Wherefore, a man who lives according to God, not according to man, ought to be a lover of good; whence it follows that he hates evil. And since no one is evil by nature, but whoever is evil is evil by vice,
25 he who lives according to God owes a perfect hatred to the wicked, so that he neither hates the man because of the vice nor loves the vice because of the man, but he hates the vice and loves the man. For when the vice is healed, everything that he ought to love will remain, but nothing that he ought to hate will remain.