ON THE BOOKS ACCORDING TO LOCATIONS, BOOK 8

...butter; and a decoction of sweet root original: γλυκείας ῥίζης (glykeias rhizēs). This is licorice root, valued for its soothing properties. boiled down to the thickness of liquid Attic honey. It is better to boil the sweet root, which they call glycyrrhiza, first in water as I have described. Then, mix the decoction with the syrup made from grape must sapa: a thick syrup produced by boiling down unfermented grape juice until it reaches a concentrated sweetness., which those of us in our part of Asia call hepsēma original: ἑψήματι (hepsēma). A Greek term for boiled-down must, equivalent to the Latin sapa.. This decoction can also be mixed with sweet Cretan wine passum: a potent sweet wine made from sun-dried raisins, famously produced in Crete.. Whether it is mixed with the grape syrup or the Cretan wine, it must be boiled again after the ingredients are combined.

These remedies are useful at the beginning of inflammatory conditions affecting the windpipe arteria: in Galen's anatomy, the "rough artery" refers to the trachea. and the larynx, until the inflammation has subsided to a moderate level. Above all else, the patient must abstain from drinking wine during this period.

Once the inflammation has become milder, it is permitted to drink sweet Theraean wine, or Scybelite, or the Caryinum wine from our Asia. After these, one may use the wine called Theraean, and then the sweet Tmolite wine These wines were categorized by their regions: Thera (Santorini), Scybelos, and Mount Tmolus in Lydia. Ancient physicians selected specific vintages based on their perceived heating or cooling effects.. At this stage of recovery, butter is also appropriate, as is a gruel made from almonds, or a mixture of milk and honey boiled for a long time with an added portion of starch amylum: a fine, powdery starch extracted from wheat, used in ancient medicine as a thickening agent for soothing soups.. If starch is not available, use the fine wheat flour called by the Romans...