Pausanias's Description of Greece, Vol. 4 (Frazer)

For the full debate, see Th. Bergk, ‘Ueber den Hercules des Polycles’ (On the Hercules of Polycles), Zeitschrift für Alterthumswissenschaft (Journal of Antiquity Science), 1845; Brunn, Gesch. d. griech. Künstler (History of Greek Artists), I, p. 536; C. Bursian, in Fleckeisen’s Jahrbücher (Fleckeisen’s Yearbooks), 9 (1863), p. 99; Overbeck, Gesch. d. griech. Plastik (History of Greek Sculpture), 4th ed., pp. 428-430; Homolle, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, 5 (1881), pp. 390-396; C. Robert, Hermes, 19 (1884), pp. 300-315; Loewy, Inschriften griechischer Bildhauer (Inscriptions of Greek Sculptors); W. Gurlitt, Ueber Pausanias (On Pausanias); P. Paris, Élatée (Elatea), 1892; F. Münzer, Mittheilungen des archäologischen Instituts in Athen (Communications of the Archaeological Institute in Athens), 20 (1895), pp. 216-219.

4. 6. In wrestling alone. The Greek term is mounopalēs a wrestler who practiced only that sport, not the combined events. It designates an athlete who practiced wrestling specifically, rather than as part of the pentathlon or pancratium. See W. Dittenberger, Die Inschriften von Olympia (The Inscriptions of Olympia), p. 287. The same word appears in the epigram on the statue base of Xenocles (No. 164; see note on vi. 9. 2).

4. 10. All this I have set forth. See iii. 10. 5.

4. 11. Cyniscus. The upper part of the pedestal of this statue was found in the Byzantine church at Olympia on March 27, 1877. It is a block of white Peloponnesian marble. Around the edge of the upper surface runs the following inscription:

Cyniscus, of famed Mantinea, who bore his father’s name, being victorious over the boxers, dedicated this (statue).

The sculptor’s name was likely cut on the lost lower part of the pedestal. Due to the archaic letter forms, the inscription cannot be much later than the middle of the fifth century B.C. The sculptor must have been the elder Polyclitus (see note on ii. 22. 7). Based on the fastening holes, we infer the statue’s weight rested on the left foot, with the right foot behind and touching the ground only with its forepart. The marks indicate the statue was bronze.

See Die Inschriften von Olympia (The Inscriptions of Olympia), No. 149; K. Purgold, Olympia: Ergebnisse (Olympia: Results), Text Vol. 2, p. 148; Archäologische Zeitung (Archaeological Newspaper), 40 (1882), p. 190, No. 436; Loewy, Inschriften griechischer Bildhauer (Inscriptions of Greek Sculptors), No. 50; Roberts, Greek Epigraphy, No. 280.