Marengus — Secrets of Chemical Pallas Revealed, ca. 1700

dead earth, a dead body, the second calx, or the eclipsed Sun. If it is the earth of silver, it is called the eclipsed Moon.

The Red Lion is the sulfur made from the earth of gold and its soul, or a composite made from the earth of gold and from the water of the medium substance of mercury animated by the Sun. The Green Lion, however, is the said water animated by the Sun. It is called the Green Lion because it is the immature stone, still in the grass. It is not yet cooked and fixed with its sulfur. Immature fruits and herbs are usually green. The Green Lion is therefore a double mercurial substance, by which the Red Lion—the sulfur or the stone—is nourished and increased. The soul of gold itself is also called the Green Lion.

Dry water, water that does not wet the hands, and permanent water all signify the same thing: the metallic sulfur itself, correctly prepared and sublimated. Sometimes, however, the name of water that does not wet the hands refers to the mercurial water of the medium substance, or even that same water animated by the Sun. This double mercurial substance is also called the wing of the Sun or permanent water.

Incombustible oil is ordinarily taken either for the oil of a perfect metal, or for the philosophical sulfur while it is dissolved in its own oil or in the double mercurial substance. Indeed, the twin mercury itself, or the double mercurial substance, is often called incombustible oil.

The stone, cooked and fixed, which only needs the final waxing inceration, is called magnesia magnesia, the dead body, the second body, the dragon with its tail, the ferment of ferment, and the thirsty earth.

The first matter of the great stone is the twin mercury. This is when the volatile mercury—the water of the medium substance—and the fixed mercury—the oil of a perfect metal—are joined together so that from these two mercuries, only one mercury is made. This is rightly called the magnet of our gold.

Metals are distinguished by various names: gold is called the Sun;

silver is the Moon; lead is Saturn; tin is Jupiter; copper is Venus; iron is Mars; and quicksilver is Mercury.

Virgin's Milk

Many say that lead was called Adrop and Lac Virginis Virgin's Milk by the ancients. They teach that this milk is prepared by first purging the lead, as will be said in the second part, and then dissolving it in the most powerful vinegar. It is held in digestion for six days, shaking the composite three times a day. Afterwards it is distilled, and the white, milky oil is preserved. In my judgment, however, the ancient philosophers understood by the name of lead the joining solvent in which gold is physically dissolved. These are afterwards putrefied together and turned black through putrefaction. Brother Basilius Valentinus expressly calls this putrefied matter leaden dance original: "chorum plumbum".

By the Hermetic philosophers, cinnabar is called usifur. The male and female seeds from which the stone is composed are called Rebis the double thing. Antimony is called the Wolf. Finally, the Sun is called the cold dragon, because as it lies and as it is found among us, it does not have sufficient liveliness, activity, and heat to transform metals. However, its blood or soul, when correctly cooked, is called fire.

Raymond Lull calls the blacker than black "black and putrefied wine," from which the vegetable solvent is made. This is also called putrefied human urine, from which the animal solvent is produced. By this same name, putrefied metal is sometimes called, when it is physically dissolved with the water of the medium substance and blackened through putrefaction. From this, later, either together or separately, the mercurial elements—water, air, and fire—are extracted and separated from the element of earth.

A simple solvent is, for example, the flower or spirit of wine animated by its own salt and circulated with it. The same is understood for the animal solvent. A composite solvent is when the spirit of wine is animated