H I S P A N I A.

Spain is divided into three provinces: Baetica, Lusitania, and Tarraconensis. Baetica is closed off from the North by the River Ana; from the West, it has that part of the Atlantic Ocean which lies between the mouth of the Ana and the Herculean Strait; from the South, the Balearic Sea, which is between the Herculean Strait and the promontory of Charidamus, which they commonly say is called Cabo de Gata. From the East, it is terminated by a line drawn from this promontory through Castulo to the River Ana. Baetica is named from the memorable River Baetis, which intersects the entire province; it rises in the Tygensis forest and runs into the Atlantic Ocean; and today it is called by the Arabic word Guadalquivir, which means "Great River." This province was later called Vandalicia by the Vandal inhabitants, and today it is also called by the corrupted word Andalusia. Lusitania has to the North the River Duero, from its mouth to the bridge which is opposite Simancas; from the West, that part of the Atlantic Ocean between the mouths of the Ana and the Duero rivers; from the South, Baetica; from the East, it is terminated by Tarraconensis, by a line drawn from old Oretania to the bridge which is opposite Simancas. Lusitania has its name from Lusus, son of Bacchus Liberi Patris, and Lysa, a companion of the same Liber, with Lusus reveling Bacchāte; whence it is now called Lusitania from Lusus, and sometimes Lysitania from Lysa. The remaining part of Spain pertains to the Tarraconensis province, which received its name from the city of Tarraco, the metropolis of that province; a city, as Strabo says, excellently born for receiving the travels of princes, and in which the Emperors exercised jurisdiction. This region comprises the Kingdom of Murcia, and Valencia, and Aragon with Catalonia, Old Castile, the Kingdom of Navarre, Portugal beyond the river, the Kingdom of Galicia, the Asturias, and all of Cantabria.

Three things are made famous by a common proverb among the Spaniards (as Navagiero writes). A bridge over which water flows, when it is usually customary for it to flow under other bridges, indicating the aqueduct of Segovia. A city surrounded by fire, meaning Madrid, whose walls consist of flint. A bridge in which ten thousand flocks are continuously grazed, by which they denote the Guadiana River, which, plunging underground for seven miles, erupts again.

An engraved map of the Iberian Peninsula titled "HISPANIA" in a decorative box in the lower right corner. The map displays the major regional divisions of the time: Galicia, Portugal, Andalusia, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Valencia, and Murcia. Principal cities are marked with small architectural icons, including Santiago, Leon, Burgos, Valladolid, Medina, Madrid, Toledo, Cordoba, Seville, Cadiz, Granada, Alicante, and Barcelona. The major rivers Duero, Tagus, Guadiana, and Baetis (Guadalquivir) are illustrated. The cardinal directions are indicated as North, South, West, and East. Surrounding regions are labeled "Part of Gaul" and "Part of Africa," and the Strait of Gibraltar is marked "Estrecho." A distance scale labeled "Scale of leagues" is positioned in the bottom left.