VII. To whom it pleases to examine this Flow in the Open ones by another reason, according to the nature of other flows in the body, [one must look] by regarding, in this material humoral intemperance, the phora motion/movement of that motion (as the Philosopher 7. Phys. chap. 1. warns), the term from which, through which, and to which; so that the Ordering Part (speaking medically) here is the entire Body, or especially the spleen; the transmitters [are] the said vessels of the arteries; the receiver finally is the anus itself, and its two parts (from the dichotomia division of Aquapend.), namely the rectum, and the muscles of the anus itself, although Galen otherwise constitutes three parts, [but] we are not about to start a fight with him. Or, whoever constitutes the Anus as the adequate Subject of this affection; the inadequate or principal [subject being] its vessels, the veins and arteries [which are] preternaturally closed or open, perhaps he will not stray far [from the truth].

CHAP. IV.

CAUSES OF HEMORRHOIDS.

The PROXIMATE & IMMEDIATE CAUSE of Open Hemorrhoids is the same as in other flows of Blood, namely the irritation of the expulsive faculty, which sometimes serves Nature—the artificial and provident governess of animals—so that it also opens the rim of the veins which are in the seat, as Galen has it in On the disagreement of Erasistratus, chap. 4. & 4. on black bile. Truly, the opening of the just-mentioned vessels follows this irritation, either through anastomosis connection/opening of vessels, which is most frequent, from heat, thinness, or quantity of blood, or sometimes through diaeresis the act of dividing or severing by internal and external eroding or rupturing [agents]; more rarely, or never, through diapedesis oozing through [or] sweating, as Solenand. in consil. fol. 374. thinks.

II. The MEDIATE PROXIMATE [causes] according to the Galenists are Blood, or Humors mixed with blood, erring in quantity or quality, yet weakening the retentive [faculty].