Panathenaea: Or, A Singular Book on the Twin Festival of Minerva

mentions it four years later, namely in the 3rd year of the 54th Olympiad, when Hippoclides was archon chief magistrate: "Hippoclides. The Panathenaea were established." For those words must be understood as referring to the institution of the gymnastic contest in the Panathenaea, otherwise they are false. It was accustomed to be celebrated near the marsh, which is situated between the Piraeus and the Tetracomum of Hercules; in the deme of the Echelidae. Stephanus: "Echelidae, a deme of Attica, from Echelus the hero. These are from the marshy place, which is between the Piraeus and the Tetracomum of Hercules, in which they held the gymnastic contests at the Panathenaea." For I have recently pointed out that this passage should be amended in my book, On the Attic Demes. And they had their own stadium, called the Panathenaic, by the river Ilissus, near Ardettus. Hesychius: "Ardettus, a place around the Ilissus, near the Panathenaic stadium." And Harpocration: "Ardettus, a place in Athens, above the Panathenaic stadium." Philo, On the Every Good Man is Free: "Having gathered the allies in the Panathenaic (stadium), he demonstrated a bird contest." Philostratus in Life of Herodes, Sophist, Book II: "They said the stadium was named Panathenaic." It was built by Lycurgus the Orator. Plutarch in his biography: "And he put the foundation around the Panathenaic stadium, having finished this, and having made the ravine level." But soon, having collapsed with the passage of time, Herodes the Sophist restored it from white marble, to such a magnificence that it far surpassed all other theaters. Philostratus concerning him, in the passage already cited: "Having been crowned also at that of the