Theatrum naturae et artis

(b) From which it happens that one pound of water can not only resist a thousand equal pounds, but also repel them and push them upwards.
(c) In which water rises now more, now less, above the surface of the remaining water.

2.

Although all things in hydraulics can be reduced to a single principle, namely pressure, as will be evident from the resolution of the phenomena, nevertheless we shall now follow the common hypothesis, which posits four principles.
The first principle is the natural fall (a) of water to obtain equilibrium.
(a) From this principle, almost all fountains in cities and gardens have been constructed, serving both for utility and for pleasure. We demonstrate this fall, not only in a simple machine, but also in what manner, with a vessel full of water placed in the upper part of a house, water can be directed at will through leaden channels; from the same principle we derive the clepsydra water clock, which ejects water like a fountain, and when inverted flows again,

3.

The second principle is commonly called attraction,
(a) to avoid a vacuum, as they falsely judge.
(a) By this, water, even though it is otherwise relatively heavy and creeps on the ground, nevertheless tends on high, which we show in an inverted, uninterrupted siphon, one arm of which is immersed in a small barrel full of water, while the other