[De communione et conversatione Iudaeorum et Christianorum]

on them is not exercised: it is otherwise regarding indirect [coercion], which will be apparent in the following admonition.

The sixth: Jews are bound to pay the land-tithes and all taxes and real payments that Christians possessing those lands were bound to pay. For this, there is the allegation of the third chapter "Ex fris" (de decimis), where it answers the Bishop of Marseille: that for lands that Jews cultivate, he should compel them with all distraint to pay the land-tithes, or to renounce the possessions entirely, lest perhaps by that occasion the church be able to be defrauded of its right. The gloss adds: he who receives the fruits is compelled to bear the burdens of the fruits. They do not pay personal tithes, because they are not of the body of the Church. Wishing, therefore, to provide for Christians in this part, so that they are not burdened by Jews, we decree by synodal decree that if a Jew by any pretext has extorted immoderate and heavy usury from Christians, the communion of Christians with them should be withdrawn until they have satisfied them for the immoderate burden as is fitting. Whence, if it is necessary, Christians are compelled to abstain from their commerce. But to princes, we enjoin that they should not be hostile to Christians for the sake of the Jews, but rather strive to restrain the Jews from such a burden. By this same penalty, we determine that the Jews are to be compelled to satisfy the churches for the tithes and due oblations which they were accustomed to receive from Christians from houses and other possessions before they came to the Jews by any title, so that thus the churches are kept unharmed, for, the gloss says, the thing passes with its burden. This is the chapter "Post miserabile" (extra de usuris). Urban III commanded that Jews be compelled to remit usury to Christians through secular princes and powers, and until they have remitted it, we order all Christian faithful, as much in trade as in other things, to deny them all manner of communion under the sentence of excommunication. And the gloss there hints that although Jews are subject to the laws of princes in temporal matters, just as they are protected by the Church if they come to it, so also the Church protects others against them and punishes them with corporal penalty.