... Epitome troporum ac schematum et grammaticorum & rhetorum, ad authores tum prophanos tum sacros intelligendos non minus utilis quam necessaria

Tyrinthius? Hercules is called around? Man? in Hebron he performed great deeds? the city is nearby, and in it Hercules was educated.

Cynthius? from the island of Delos? Apollo or Diana was born and the sun and the moon. Whence Cynthia and Cynthia.

Of study and art.? When, of course, the name of an art or study is no less appellative, as with the Greeks, 'the poet' for Homer, and [rest unclear]?.

Of office or dignity.? When, of course, the name of office and dignity is used, and who and what... for Caesar Maximillianus.

Of the elders? for the impatient? and for the punishing...

T R O P E S

for the designated Roman: and this variation is permitted only to poets, to whom alone it is permitted to use patronymics in poetry. Second, it is made through a certain possession of the fatherland, and this is conceded to orators: such as, Tyrinthius for Hercules, Cytherea or Cypris for Venus, Saturnius for Jove, Cinthia for Diana, Cyllenius for Mercury. Third, it is accustomed to be made through an Epithet, and orators as well as poets use these, as well as the following ones, with equal freedom. Virgil, Aen. 4: 'Whom he left fixed in the bridal chamber, the Impious one', for Aeneas; Poenus for Hannibal. 'Old man' for the master's persona in Terence. Fourth, it is accustomed to be made whenever the appellative of a study, art, office, or dignity takes the place of a proper name: such as, 'The Philosopher' for Aristotle, 'The Poet' for Virgil, 'The Apostle' for Paul, 'The Savior' for Christ, 'The Emperor' for Charles. Fifth, when we use proper names for appellatives signifying some affect or property inherent in the proper names: such as, Verres for a thief, Sardanapalus for a soft man, Croesus for a rich and wealthy man, Phalaris for a cruel man, Cato for a severe and gloomy man, Crassus for a sullen man, Venus for a beautiful woman, Diana for an untouched woman, Irus for a poor man, Aristides for a just and incorruptible man, Epicurus for one given to pleasure, etc. Sixth, when we place the names of tribes or nations for their attributes. Such as when Poenus is taken for a perfidious person, Scytha for a harsh and inhuman one, Cretensis for a vain and lying one, Sybarita for one given to luxury or pride, Pygmaeus for a short person, Gallus for a lustful one, Cares for a vile soldier, etc.

5 Onomatopoeia ὀνοματοποιία. The coining of a name. It is derived from the Greek ὄνομα name and ποιέω I make, as if we were making a name when we use Onomatopoeia.