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into one number: or he leads some number into two or more numbers. Thus, addition and multiplication appear to be one genus, and subtraction and division another: multiplication is the shortcut of addition, and division of subtraction, as we shall demonstrate.
See below 26 & 41.
ADDITION, from which all rightly begin, is defined by Logisticians as the collection of several numbers into one sum. Although this name is Latin, just as Marcus Varro spoke of the addition and subtraction of letters in the fourth book original: "de sermone Latino", if it happens to please someone less in this matter—because our logisticians say "to add"—Censorinus said "TO JOIN" in his book original: "de die natali". Six, eight, nine, twelve, joined together, make thirty-five days. And Columella, in the fifth book, said "TO COMPOSE." Compose both sums, he says in the measurement of a triangular field, and thirty thousand feet result. Hence, perhaps it may be permitted to call this addition "Composition" and "Conjunction." Whoever these two or more numbers are joined in this way, they are commonly called ADDEND numbers; however, why not also call them numbers to be composed or joined? From those joined numbers, the one that is born—equal to those several—is given the name SUM. Whence the term "TO SUM" original: "ASSVMARE", which we French commonly use in a sense not so different from this meaning of joining and composing numbers, I do not know if the ancient Latins said it; but I know they said "TO CONSUMMATE" original: "CONSVMMARE" for it. For I understand it thus in Vitruvius, when he says, "through arithmetic..."
Handwritten note: What addition is
Handwritten note: What two or more numbers are