Rudimenta prima grammatices, ex eruditissimis quibusque grammaticis excerpta

R V D I M E N T A ELEMENTS

Copulative, Discretive, Adversative, Causal, Ratiocinative, Ordinative, and Complective.

What is a Copulative? Which copulates as much the words, as the sense: as Et and, que and, atque and, ac and, quoque also, etiam also, præterea besides, alioqui otherwise, item likewise, itémque likewise, cum and tum both... and: but where tum then follows: for where it precedes, they are adverbs of time.

What is a Discretive? By which we connect those things which we wish to be understood as discrete: as Sed but, sedenim but indeed, at but, ast but, atqui and yet, quidem indeed, autem however, verò in truth, porrò furthermore, quin nay for sed but, cæterùm otherwise, verùm but, verumenim but truly, verumenimuerò but indeed truly.

What is an Adversative? By which we signify that what we say is not opposing, nor an impediment: as Etsi although, quam as, quamuis although, licet although, tametsi although. And the responsive ones of the same, which are, Tamen nevertheless, attamen yet, sed tamen but yet, verumtamen but nevertheless, faltem at least.

What is a Causal, or power of rendering a reason? By which we signify that what is subjected is the reason of that which preceded: as Nam for, nanque for indeed, enim for, etenim and for, quod because for quia because, propterea quòd because, quippè in fact, vtpotè as being, fiquidem if indeed, vt as for vtpotè as being.

What is a Ratiocinative? By which we accommodate a conclusion to the proposed reason: as Ergo therefore, ideò therefore, igitur therefore, idcircò therefore, quapropter wherefore, proinde hence, quamobrem why, itaque and so, quare wherefore, quocirca for which reason, propterea for that reason, ea de re for that thing. And Quòd that, for "for which" or "why": as in Terence, "Quòd te per hanc dexteram oro" That I pray thee by this right hand. This power of a conjunction, others call Collective or Illative.

What is a Complective? Which added or subtracted from speech, effects nothing more or less, but is brought into the same speech for the sake of ornamentation: as Quidé indeed, equidé indeed, sedenim but indeed, etenim for indeed, enimuerò but indeed, autem however.

O R D O ORDER.

How many are the orders of conjunctions? Three. Which? Prepositive, Subjunctive, and Common.

What is the Prepositive order of conjunctions? A conjunction, which is only placed before the word or speech which it copulates: as are these sixteen, Et and, at but, ac and, ast but, aut or, vel or, nec nor, neque nor, quando when, quatenus as far as, fin if not, seu or, fiue or, néue nor, nisi unless, sed but.

What is the Subjunctive order of conjunctions? A conjunction, which is only placed after the word or speech which it conjoins: as are these eight, Que and, ve or, ne not, quoque also, autem however, quidem indeed, verò in truth, enim for.

What is the Common order of conjunctions? A conjunction, which can indifferently be placed before and after: as are all the rest.

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