THE WORKS OF CLAUDIUS GALEN

we have taught in the books to Glauco. Furthermore, the ends of these arts sometimes have a single sequence of things into which they are resolved: for example, the knowledge of truth is the end of logical contemplation; which one ought to resolve thus: Since the truth is produced by demonstration, it cannot be had without demonstration. But one will not know demonstration, since it is a syllogism, unless the syllogism is simply known. Furthermore, you will not know the syllogism, as it is composed of propositions, before the skill of these [is understood]. Again, since propositions are not discussed without simple terms, just as they are composed from them, the force and power of simple terms must first be learned thoroughly. Therefore, the end of logical contemplation, that is, the knowledge of truth, is first resolved into demonstration: afterwards, demonstration into syllogism; this into propositions: and these into simple terms. And it does not proceed further beyond that which constitutes the logical doctrine through the resolution of its end. For there is nothing left into which its end could be resolved. But sometimes a set end is resolved through many and diverse orders: which we shall reveal by example for the exercise of students. Let peace, therefore, be the set end: it must be sought through either
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victory or friendship: victory, through war: war, through the forces of soldiers: soldiers, through money: but money is either already at hand, or