تحقيق ما للهند (Al-Biruni's India — Sachau edition, BnF)

Perhaps it is Gandamak or some place in the neighborhood. According to the Canon Masudicus, it has a longitude of 95° 50' and a latitude of 33° 40'.

Dunpûr, Dunpūr, which I feel inclined to identify with Jalâlâbâd. The Canon Masudicus (London manuscript) writes Dīnūr and gives it a longitude of 96° 25' and a latitude of 33° 45'.

Lamghân, Peshâvar, Waihand or Attok, Jailam, Siyâlkote (Sâlkote), Lahore.

Nandna, a fort on the mountain Bâlnâth, a conspicuous mountain overhanging the Jailam Jhelum River and now generally called Tilla see Elliot, History of India II, 450, 451. According to Alberuni (p. 163, 6), it had a latitude of 32°; according to his Canon Masudicus, it had a longitude of 98° 30' and a latitude of 33° 10'.

Mandakakûr, Mandakakūr, perhaps identical with the place Mandhûkûr Mandhūkūr also mentioned by Alberuni. According to our author, it has a latitude of 31° 50' and seems to have been a castle somewhere to the north of Lahore cf. Elliot, I, 530; II, 129. According to the Canon Masudicus, which calls it the "fortress of Lahore," it has a longitude of 99° 20' and a latitude of 31° 50'. The London manuscript and the Berlin manuscript write it the same way.

Lastly, Multan.

Of all these places, he determined the latitude himself. Accordingly, the valley of the Kabul River and the Punjab are all that Alberuni saw of India, as he states on page 193, line 8, that he "did not travel beyond these places in the country of the Hindus." He did not see Sindh or Kashmir, but on the southwestern frontier of the latter country, he saw two strong castles which he calls Râjagirî and Lahûr Lahōr (page 102, 2. 3). Not knowing the position of Râjagirî, I refer the reader regarding Lahûr to Cunningham, who mentions a village named Lahor, 3 1/3 miles north-east of Waihand, and identifies it with Sâlâtura, the birthplace of Pâṇini (Ancient Geography of India, p. 57). According to the Canon Masudicus, the castle Lahōr in the mountains of Kashmir has a longitude of 98° 20' and a latitude of 33° 40'. Râjagirî, described in the same way, has a longitude of 99° 55' and a latitude of 33° 20' Alberuni reckons the coast of the Atlantic Ocean as 0° longitude in the Canon Masudicus. His longitude may be reduced to our modern longitude by comparing his statement about Kabul, which he places at 95° 20' longitude and 33° 45' latitude..

In various places of his book, Alberuni refers to the town of Multân in such a way that I think he had more intimate knowledge of this place than of the others. He provides a note on page 103, line 14, regarding the climate of Multân, which he says he heard there from the inhabitants. Furthermore, he includes a note about the beginning of the year as reckoned in Multân (page 209, lines 16-17) and about a festival peculiar to the Hindu population of Multân (p. 204, line 14; 119, lines 15–18). He knows the local history and topography of Multân (p. 56, 1–6), and twice he quotes a scholar, a native of Multân, named Durlabha (p. 207, 2; 131, 8).