نزهة المشتاق في اختراق الآفاق (Book of Roger — Geography with 70 Maps)

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the strait of the mouth of the Constantinople Gulf, and connects to Constantinople. It passes by the east of the lands of Macedonia until it connects to the place from which it started. The length of the Sea of Buntush Pontus/Black Sea from the mouth of the strait to where it ends is one thousand three hundred miles. It contains six islands, and we will mention them when we arrive at their mention, with the help of God Almighty.

As for the Sea of Jurjan and Daylam, it is a disconnected sea that does not connect to any of the aforementioned seas. Many rivers and perpetually flowing springs fall into it. Connected to this sea from the West are the lands of Azerbaijan and Daylam, from the South the lands of Tabaristan, from the East the land of the A'zaz, and from the North the land of the Khazars. Its length from the side of the Khazars to the spring of the "Eye" original: "'Ayn al-Hamm" is one thousand miles, and its width from the side of Jurjan to the site of Atil is six hundred and fifty miles. It contains four islands, and their mention will come hereafter. On every sea of all the seas that we have previously mentioned, there are lands and nations that we will mention in detail and clearly, country by country and nation by nation, with the help of God Almighty. In these seas are also types of whales and animals of various characteristics and wonders, the descriptions of which we will provide in the places of their mention, with the help of God Almighty.

Mention of the Zones for the First Part of the First Zone

This first zone begins from the West from the Western Sea called the Sea of Darkness, which is the sea behind which nothing is known. In it are two islands called the Fortunate Islands original: "al-Khalidat". From these two islands, Ptolemy began taking longitude and latitude. These two islands, as is mentioned, each contain...

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