نزهة المشتاق في اختراق الآفاق (Book of Roger — Geography with 70 Maps)

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statues built of stone, and the height of each of these statues is one hundred cubits. Above each statue is a figure made of copper pointing with its hand toward the rear. It is mentioned that there are six of these statues; one of them is the statue of Cadiz, which is in the west of Andalusia. No one knows of anything inhabited behind it. In this area that we have mapped are the cities of ۞ Aulil ۞, Silla ۞, Takrur ۞, Dawq ۞, Bizisi ۞, and Mura ۞. These lands are from the land of the Maghzara the expansive land of the Sudan. As for the island of Aulil, it is in the
Aulil

sea near the coast, and it contains the famous salt works. No other salt works are known in the lands of the Sudan. From there, salt is carried to all the lands of the Sudan. This is because ships come to this island, load it with salt, and travel from there to the location of the Nile. Between them is a certain distance, so they travel on the Nile to Silla, Takrur, Barisi, Ghana, and other cities such as Naqawa and
nearby

Kugha, and all the lands of the Sudan. Most of these do not have a shelter or settlement except directly on the Nile or on a river that feeds the Nile. The rest of the lands adjacent to the Nile are empty deserts with no habitation. These deserts contain remote wastes, as water is only found after two, four, five, six, or twelve days, such as the waste of Bansar, which is on the road from Sijilmasa to Ghana. It is a fourteen-day journey without finding water. Caravans provide themselves with water to traverse these wastes, carrying it in vessels on the backs of camels. Such wastes are numerous in the lands of the Sudan, and most of their earth is also sand, which the winds blow and carry from place to place, so nothing is found in it. These lands are very hot, burning intensely, and for that reason...