The Ultimate General Great Art of the Illuminated Doctor, Master Raymond Lull.

Since we have produced many general arts, we wish to explain them more clearly through this one which we call the "ultimate," because we do not intend to create another after this. Indeed, we compile it from the others and explicitly add some new elements.

The human intellect consists more in opinion than in science.

¶ Because the human intellect is established far more in opinion than in science In this context, "science" (scientia) refers to certain, demonstrable knowledge, whereas "opinion" refers to probable but uncertain belief.; and since every science has its own specific principles which differ from the principles of other sciences; therefore, the intellect requires and desires a single general science for all sciences. This science should have its own general principles in which the principles of other particular sciences are implied and contained, just as the particular is contained within the universal. The reason for this is so that other principles may be subordinated, ordered, and regulated by these [general] principles, so that the intellect may find rest in those sciences through true understanding and be removed and distanced from erroneous opinions.

This science is a prerequisite for the others.

¶ Through this science, other sciences can be easily acquired. For the particular principles of those sciences shine through and appear in the general principles of this art, provided that the particular principles are applied to the principles of this art, just as a part is applied to its whole.

General principles of this art.

¶ The principles for this art are these: Goodness. Greatness. Eternity or duration. Power. Wisdom. Will. Virtue. Truth. Glory. Difference. Concordance. Contrariety. Beginning. Middle. End. Superiority. Equality. And Inferiority. And they are called "general" because all the "goodnesses" of other sciences are applicable to one general Goodness. And I say the same for all "greatnesses" in relation to one general Greatness. And so it must be said for the others in their own way.

---

How this science is called "general."

¶ Furthermore, this science can be called general because it has general questions applicable to all other arguments, whatever they may be. For all [arguments] are implied in these questions. And they are these, namely: Whether it is. What it is. From what it is. Why it is. How much it is. Of what kind it is. When it is. Where it is. In what way it is. And with what it is. And there are ten, as they appear here numbered.

Note on the nature of this Art.

¶ Likewise, this art is general by reason of the mixing of principles and rules which it possesses, as will be shown below. For just as a proposition taken in a common sense is general to all propositions, so in their own way these composite principles, taken in common, are general to all particular composite principles. ¶ But so that doubt may be removed: I say that all other principles are particular with respect to these principles of this art. Just as "Great Goodness," which is composite, is common to the goodness of Peter and William, and of a horse, and so on for others.

On the division of this art.

¶ On the division of this art.

¶ This art is divided into 14 parts: namely, the Alphabet. The Figures. The Definitions. The Rules. The Table. The Clearing original: Evacuationem—In Lullian logic, this refers to the systematic exhaustion of all possible combinations within a figure. of the third figure. The Multiplication of the fourth figure. The Mixing. The Nine Subjects. The Application. The Questions. The Habits. and the Method of Teaching.

First principal part of this art.

¶ The first principal part: on the Alphabet.

The alphabet of this art is this.

The Alphabet for this art is this:
Explanation of the alphabet.

¶ B: signifies Goodness. Difference. "Whether?" God. Justice. And Avarice.
¶ C: signifies Greatness. Concordance. "What?" Angel. Prudence. And Gluttony.
¶ D: signifies Eternity or duration. Contrariety. "From what?" Heaven. Fortitude. And Lust.
¶ E: signifies Power. Beginning. "Why?" Man. Temperance. And Pride.
¶ F: signifies Wisdom. Middle. "How much?" Imagination. Faith. And Sloth.
¶ G: signifies Will. End. "Of what kind?" The Sensitive power The "sensitive" refers to the animal soul or the faculty of perception.. Hope. And Envy.
¶ H: signifies Virtue. Superiority. "When?" The Vegetative power The "vegetative" refers to the level of living things that grow but do not feel, like plants.. Charity. And Anger.
¶ I: signifies Truth. Equality. "Where?" The Elemental power The "elemental" refers to the basic physical building blocks of matter (earth, air, fire, water).. Patience. And Falsehood.

B