HERODOTUS A

offerings, he has very many at Delphi. Apart from the silver, he dedicated vast amounts of gold; among other things, and most worthy of mention, six golden mixing bowls original: "κρητῆρές" - large vessels for mixing wine and water stand there. These stand in the treasury of the Corinthians, weighing thirty talents. In truth, however, the treasury does not belong to the public of the Corinthians, but to Cypselus, son of Eetion. This Gyges was the first of the barbarians we know of to dedicate offerings at Delphi, after Midas, son of Gordias, King of Phrygia. For Midas also dedicated the royal throne upon which he sat to deliver judgment, a sight worth seeing; this throne lies where the mixing bowls of Gyges are. This gold and silver which Gyges dedicated is called "Gygadas" meaning: named after Gyges, the one who dedicated it by the Delphians, after the name of the dedicator.

Now, once he had begun to rule, he sent an army into 15 Miletus and Smyrna, and he took the city of Colophon. But since no other great deed came from him during his thirty-eight-year reign, we shall pass over him with this mention, and I shall make mention of Ardys, son of Gyges, who reigned after Gyges. This man took Priene and invaded Miletus, and during his tyranny over Sardis, the Cimmerians, having been driven from their homes by the nomadic Scythians, arrived in Asia and took Sardis, except for the citadel.

Ardys reigned for forty-nine years 16 and was succeeded by Sadyattes, son of Ardys, and he reigned for twelve years, and Alyattes succeeded Sadyattes. This man waged war against Cyaxares, the descendant of Deioces, and the Medes; he drove the Cimmerians out of Asia, took Smyrna, which had been founded from Colophon, and invaded Clazomenae. Now, he did not depart from these encounters as he had wished, but rather suffered a great setback. However, he performed other deeds while in power that are most worthy of telling, as follows. He waged war against the Milesians, having taken over the 17 war from his father. For he would march and besiege