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Episode 50·December 3, 2018·hellenistic

John J. Collins on Apocalyptic

Some time in the second century CE, somewhere in the Hellenistic Jewish diaspora, a peculiar work appeared.

Listen on SHWEP17 sources in collection · 17 translated

Primary Sources

Biblia Sacra (Gutenberg Bible)

Johannes Gutenberg · 1455 · Latin · 192 pages

This text preserves the Vulgate translation, serving as a monument to the collision between human fallibility and divine authority. Jerome asserts that understanding scripture requires disciplined study rather than casual opinion. You will encounter the foundational narratives of the world, from the

13% translated

Complutensian Polyglot Bible

Cardinal Cisneros (patron) · 1517 · Latin · 3043 pages

This work stands as a defiant reclamation of the original biblical languages. Cardinal Cisneros argues that relying on secondary translations obscures the divine truth contained in the source texts. By arranging Hebrew, Greek, and Latin in parallel columns, he provides a tool for scholars to bypass

Fully translated

Biblia: Luther Bible (1535)

Martin Luther · 1535 · German · 1377 pages

This 1535 edition of the Biblia represents a seminal moment in Christian history, capturing the work of Martin Luther at the height of his theological influence. As the primary figure of the Protestant Reformation, Luther’s unique perspective as a scholar and former friar transformed the Bible from

Fully translated

Biblical Histories of the Old Testament

Unknown · 1557 · Latin-German · 192 pages

This compelling volume serves as a 'visual catechesis,' utilizing the power of 16th-century artistry to illustrate the dramatic arc of divine sovereignty and human redemption. Through its bilingual Latin-German text and detailed woodcuts, the work argues that imagery is a vital tool for religious in

Fully translated

The Bible

Unknown · 1564 · Dutch · 920 pages
Fully translated

The Apocrypha

Unknown · 1604 · Dutch · 181 pages

The Apocrypha offers a unique vantage point on the human condition, blending legalistic reconstruction with high-stakes espionage and cosmic apocalypticism. While historically distinguished from 'official' scripture by the Dutch reformers through the analogy of private letters versus notarized docum

Fully translated

The Holy Bible: Authorized Version 1611 (Facsimile)

King James / A.W. Pollard (ed.) · 1611 · English · 1660 pages

This volume moves past the legend to show the 1611 Bible as a product of intense human conflict and state control. It documents how translators risked their lives while competing factions struggled to dictate the precise wording of scripture to serve their own religious agendas. Readers will see tha

Fully translated

History of the Old and New Testaments

Unknown · 1702 · Dutch · 686 pages
Fully translated

Bible, or the Contents of the Old and New Testaments

Unknown · 1719 · Dutch · 177 pages

This 17th-century devotional serves as both a luxury object of 'miniature book craftsmanship' and a rigorous theological manual for the steadfast believer. Writing from the heart of The Hague, the author synthesizes centuries of Christian doctrine into a portable treasure, defending the Trinity and

Fully translated

The Hebrew Bible

Various (ed. Michaelis) · 1720 · Hebrew · 1766 pages

The 'Biblia Hebraica' edited by Michaelis is far more than a simple reprint of the Hebrew Bible; it is a rigorous scholarly defense of the necessity of biblical literacy in its original tongue. By integrating philological criticism with a deep spiritual parænesis, Michaelis argues that ignorance of

Fully translated

The Holy Bible

Unknown · 1726 · German · 954 pages
Fully translated

Biblia Sacra Vulgatae: Clementine Vulgate Latin Bible

Jerome (Sixtine-Clementine edition) · 1804 · Latin · 1019 pages

This 1804 Venice edition of the Biblia Sacra Vulgatae stands as a monument to ecclesiastical history and structural precision. Authorized by the successive mandates of Popes Sixtus V and Clement VIII, this version represents the definitive Sixtine-Clementine standard that shaped Catholic liturgy for

Fully translated

The Apocrypha

Samuel Bagster (pub.) · 1871 · Greek · 268 pages

Samuel Bagster brings these historical texts into focus by preserving their original language and structure. The collection captures the struggle for Jewish identity during the rise of the Hasmonean dynasty and the influence of Greek philosophy on ancient theology. It challenges readers to consider

Fully translated

The Book of Enoch

Henoch · 1901 · German · 188 pages

This volume reconstructs a lost apocalyptic world through a rigorous examination of ancient Ethiopic and Greek manuscripts. It details how the Watchers descended from heaven to corrupt humanity, creating a lineage of giants and the spirits of evil that haunt existence. Beyond the mythology, the text

Fully translated

1 Enoch (Ethiopic Text)

R.H. Charles (ed.) · 1906 · Ethiopic · 282 pages

R.H. Charles’s monumental edition of 1 Enoch offers a rigorous philological reconstruction of one of antiquity's most influential and suppressed texts. Through an exhaustive collation of Ethiopic manuscripts and Greek fragments, Charles argues for a complex Semitic origin, revealing a worldview wher

Fully translated

Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, Vol. 1: Apocrypha

R. H. Charles (ed.) · 1913 · Greek · 949 pages

This scholarly collection reclaims the Apocrypha as essential reading for understanding religious evolution. Charles argues that ancient labels like 'hidden' often mask a tradition that is as vital as the accepted canon. He systematically dismantles the assumption that later historical books are inh

Fully translated

Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, Vol. 2: Pseudepigrapha

R. H. Charles (ed.) · 1913 · Hebrew-Greek · 886 pages

This volume brings together the essential works of Jewish apocalypticism, a tradition often sidelined by mainstream historical accounts. Charles argues that these authors wrote under false names because the legalistic fervor of their time stifled open prophecy. They grappled with the destruction of

Fully translated

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