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Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileafter Hendrick Goltzius
A figure representing the virtue of Prudence sits with her back to the viewer, gazing into a hand mirror with her youthful female face while an older, bearded face looks behind her toward the past. She holds a coiled serpent in her left hand, a traditional symbol of wisdom and caution. The engraving uses high-contrast linework to emphasize the muscularity of the figure and the detailed landscape in the background.
Prudence was considered the 'auriga virtutum' (charioteer of virtues) in Renaissance thought, essential for the discernment of truth and the study of natural philosophy. The inscription's reference to 'searching for hidden causes' (arcanas causas) links the virtue of prudence directly to the esoteric and scientific pursuit of understanding the secret workings of the universe.
Arcanas rerum scrutor Prudentia causas, Preterita ancipiti vultu, videoq(ue) futura.
Translation
Prudence, I investigate the hidden causes of things, I see the past with a double face, and the future.
Cesare Ripa
Ripa's Iconologia codifies the iconography of Prudence with the double face (looking to past and future), the mirror (self-knowledge), and the serpent (wisdom).
Cicero, De Inventione
Cicero defines Prudence as having three parts: memoria (past), intelligentia (present), and providentia (future), which the double-faced head visually represents.
Object
Noord-Hollands Archief, Haarlem
Engraving
allegory
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · Public domain
https://hdl.handle.net/21.12102/e6a54034-a7c9-0311-4f80-7cf87283cef5
Public domain
2428 × 3504 px
071d9c56c2a28e2420fc94dd91650f53adad0bd0
April 22, 2019
March 23, 2026
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.