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Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original filePersonificatie van de Zomer met de sterrenbeelden van het seizoen en de menselijke bezigheden in het seizoen. NL-HlmNHA 1477 53010764
after Hendrick Goltzius
A powerful nude figure stands at the center, crowned with ears of corn and holding large sheaves of harvested grain. Above and around him are the celestial symbols of the summer months—a crab, a lion, and a virgin—while the background shows peasants working in the fields under a bright sun. The entire scene is enclosed in a circular frame featuring Latin inscriptions that describe the season's bounty.
This work reflects the Renaissance preoccupation with the macrocosm-microcosm relationship, specifically how celestial movements in the zodiac dictate the cycles of terrestrial life and human labor. It serves as a visual representation of the order of the cosmos as understood in natural philosophy, where planetary and stellar positions govern the four seasons.
Æstas maturis fecundat frugibus annum, Illius exornant Spicea Serta caput. Illius aduentu Cancer terraß salumß Illustrat, Cereri rustica turba litat. Æstas HG. jnue. 2.
Translation
Summer fecundates the year with ripened fruits, Ears of corn adorn its head as a garland. At its arrival, Cancer illuminates the lands and the seas, The rustic throng makes sacrifice to Ceres. Summer HG. invenit.
Claudius Ptolemy
His Tetrabiblos established the definitive astrological system connecting specific zodiac signs to the four seasons and their elemental qualities.
Object
Noord-Hollands Archief, Haarlem
Engraving
allegory
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · Public domain
https://hdl.handle.net/21.12102/80003d7a-37e4-688b-b695-92ef834ce8d1
Public domain
2724 × 2742 px
dd6aa9857ed08be09703989c28c8a51f1a43576b
April 22, 2019
March 23, 2026
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.