This library is built in the open.
If you spot an error, have a suggestion, or just want to say hello — we’d love to hear from you.
Wikimedia Commons · CC0 1.0 · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileThe French monarch is shown in an ornate cap and doublet, framed by an architectural structure adorned with fruit and symbolic medallions. To his left, a draped woman holds a lit lamp representing spiritual guidance, while a skeleton on the right holds back a shroud to reveal the King's mortality. Below the portrait, an open grave lies beneath a plaque, emphasizing the moralizing Latin verses concerning the choice between a life of virtue or vice.
This work is a classic 'Mirror for Princes' and a memento mori, reflecting the Neoplatonic and Stoic values of the late Valois court. It serves as a philosophical reminder that even a divinely appointed sovereign is subject to time and must pursue the 'light' of virtue to ensure the soul's immortality.
HENRICVS III. D. G. FRANCORVM ET EONIAE REX. M.D.LXXXVI. THEATRVM PPINCIPVM HG fe Gaudia quo vitæ subeas æterna beatæ, Has per virtutes semita sola patet Aspera dumetis prima quæ fronte videtur Iustis fiet post via strata rosis Ast si defletas vitiorum ad deuia, grato Quæ primo aspectu mollia flore virent Tandem peruenies nigræad penetralia mortis Saxea quæ tenebris perpetuata rigent
Translation
HENRY III, BY THE GRACE OF GOD, KING OF FRANCE AND POLAND. 1586. THEATRE OF PRINCES HG fe By these virtues alone lies the path open, That you may enter into the eternal joys of a blessed life. Though at first it appears rugged with thickets to the sight, It will become for the just a path paved with roses thereafter. But if you turn aside to the deviations of vices, Which at first sight flourish with pleasing flowers, In the end you will arrive at the inner chambers of black death, Which stiffen, perpetuated in darkness, with stones.
Giordano Bruno
Bruno was a protected guest of Henry III's court and dedicated several works to him, praising the King as a patron of Hermetic and Neoplatonic wisdom.
The Palace Academy of Henry III
The King founded an academy where poets and philosophers discussed the harmony of the spheres and moral philosophy, themes echoed in the print's iconography.
Object
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
paper
height 159 mm x width 110 mm
allegory
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.