PGM II - Magical Handbook with Hymns to Apollo

This fragment from the Berlin Papyrus Collection features several columns of cursive Greek script detailing magical rituals and hymns. To the right of the text, a simplified drawing depicts a composite deity with three heads, four wings, and limbs inscribed with mystical characters. The document contains practical instructions for a ritual directed toward Apollo, including invocations intended to gain divine favor or prophecy.

As a component of the Papyri Graecae Magicae (PGM), this manuscript is a primary source for the syncretic ritual magic of late antiquity, blending Greek, Egyptian, and Jewish elements. It serves as a vital historical bridge between the philosophical traditions of Neoplatonism and the later development of the European grimoire tradition.