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Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileThis drawing depicts a horse in a powerful rearing pose with its mouth open, executed in red chalk. Transversal measurement lines and alphanumeric notations are layered over the body to document its exact proportions. The horse is shown atop a fragmentary pedestal, indicating it is a study of an existing classical sculpture rather than a live model.
This work demonstrates the Renaissance application of mathematical proportion to the study of nature and antiquity, a central tenet of natural philosophy. It reflects the humanist effort to rediscover the 'canon' of ideal form by empirical measurement of ancient ruins, bridging the gap between artistic practice and scientific inquiry.
p4 s4 p10 s2 p3 p2 p1 s2 p3 s5 p1 s4 p2 s1 p1 s5 p1 d1
Translation
The abbreviations 'p' and 's' (and 'd') likely refer to 'parti' (parts), 'segni' (marks/signs), or 'diti' (fingers/digits), which were units of measurement used in proportional systems.
Leon Battista Alberti
Alberti's 'De equo animante' established the Renaissance tradition of applying mathematical measurement to the anatomy of horses.
Vitruvius
Raphael's study of classical proportions follows the Vitruvian principle that the beauty of a body depends on the mathematical ratio of its parts.
Object
Oil on panel
scientific
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · Public domain
Web Gallery of Art: Image Info about artworkwga QS:P11807,"r/raphael/7drawing/3/20drawin"
6668 × 4644 px
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 2, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.