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Original fileA group of well-dressed figures sits at a dinner table while a servant in the foreground pours wine from a raised jug. To the right, an intimate couple embraces, and a musician plays a lute in the background, capturing the social atmosphere of the evening hours. In the upper right corner, a small window reveals the deities Mercury and Diana presiding over a landscape, symbolizing the astrological and mythological transition into night.
This work is part of a series on the 'Four Times of Day,' a common Renaissance theme that linked human activity to the cosmic order and planetary influences. The presence of Hesperus (the evening star) and the planetary gods suggests the Neoplatonic idea that specific hours of the day govern different human temperaments and social behaviors.
Tristitiam, et luctus abigit procul Hesperus omnes, Exhilaratq. hominum mentes, curasq. repellit.
Translation
Hesperus drives away all sadness and grief, And gladdens the minds of men, and repels their cares.
Marsilio Ficino
Ficino's 'De vita libri tres' discusses how planetary hours and celestial bodies like Hesperus influence the human spirit and health.
Cesare Ripa
Ripa’s Iconologia provides the standard allegorical frameworks for personifying times of day and planetary influences used by Dutch engravers.
Object
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
height 214 mm x width 150 mm
allegory
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.