Ten Rulers of Hell: Relief Stele

This stone relief depicts a central figure, likely a King of Hell, wearing a distinctive crown with pointed crests and formal robes. To the left stands a wide-eyed, grimacing demon holding a club-like weapon, alongside a smaller standing figure in courtly attire. To the right, two additional figures stand with serene expressions, one wearing a cap and robes, the other partially obscured. The entire scene is carved within a shallow architectural arch.

This sculpture belongs to the 'Ten Kings of Hell' iconographic tradition, which synthesizes Buddhist concepts of karma and rebirth with Chinese judicial bureaucracy to map the geography of the afterlife.