Treatise on Armament Technology, Volume 236

Section on Divination: Foreign Tongues — Western Barbarians, Part 5


Lean Hatur	Vinegar Sirke	Sweet Amta	Mouth Aman	Charcoal missing?	Sugar Shiker	Hungry Ölösbe	Polished Rice Tuturgan	Broomcorn Millet Manggan	Small Beans Shara shaba

The word for "Sugar" (Shiker) is a fascinating example of the Silk Road's linguistic reach, sharing the same root as the English "sugar" and Persian "shakar."


Fresh Meat Shine miqa	Sour Chüchü	Bitter Gasigun	Seasoning Koli	Flour Balta	Thirsty Umdasba	Wheat Bu’udai	Perilla Marang-gu	Buckwheat Sakari

"Seasoning" (Koli) likely refers to a mixture or blend of spices used to balance flavors in meat-heavy nomadic diets.


Salt Dabusun	Thin Jaja	Flavor Amtashi	Honey Bal	Full Üdbe	Grain Amu	Barley Arbai	Beans Khorshog	Mung Beans Köbe shug

The term Dabusun (Salt) was a critical strategic commodity. In the Ming dynasty, salt was often used by the government as a form of currency to pay for border defense supplies.

The word for "Grain" or "Rice" (Amu) is used here as a general term for cereal crops, while more specific terms like Arbai (Barley) and Bu’udai (Wheat) reflect the agricultural variety in the borderlands.