Map of the Great Western Ocean original: 大西洋圖 (Daxiyang tu); "Great Western Ocean" was the historical Chinese term for the Atlantic Ocean and the European continent.

Complete Map

This map depicts the "Great Western Ocean" (Europe). The phonetic transcriptions are typical of the era following Matteo Ricci's introduction of Western cartography to China, where foreign sounds were approximated using Chinese characters.

Major Map Labels:

• The Western Sea (The Atlantic) original: 西海 (Xi Hai)
• Ireland original: 額爾蘭 (E-er-lan)
• England original: 諳厄利亞 (An-e-li-ya)
• Iberia (encompassing Spain and Portugal) original: 依比里亞 (Yi-bi-li-ya)
• France original: 拂郎察 (Fu-lang-cha)
• Italy original: 意大里亞 (Yi-da-li-ya)
• Germany original: 曷爾漫尼亞 (He-er-man-ni-ya), a transcription of "Germania."
• Denmark original: 丹馬爾 (Dan-ma-er)
• Gotland original: 哥德蘭 (Ge-de-lan)
• Norway original: 諾勒未亞 (Nuo-le-wei-ya)
• Sweden original: 蘇物察 (Su-wu-cha)
• Russia original: 魯細亞 (Lu-xi-ya)
• Poland original: 孛露泥亞 (Bo-lu-ni-ya), a transcription of "Polonia."
• Hungary original: 匈加里亞 (Xiong-jia-li-ya)
• Greece original: 喜刺亞 (Xi-la-ya), a transcription of "Graecia."
• The Black Sea original: 黑海 (Hei Hai)
• The Mediterranean Sea original: 地中海 (Di Zhong Hai); literally "The Sea in the Middle of the Land."
• Land of Africa original: 亞非利加地 (Ya-fei-li-jia di)
• Nile River original: 尼羅河 (Ni-luo he)
• Land of Asia original: 亞細亞地 (Ya-xi-ya di) — visible on the far right edge of the plate.

Daxiyang (大西洋) literally means "Great Western Ocean," used historically to refer to Europe and the Atlantic.
Iberia (依比里亞) reflects the use of classical Latin names common in Jesuit-influenced Chinese maps.