Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms: Volume 34 Table of Contents

Countries of the Continent of Libya original: 利未加洲 (Liweijia zhou). In 19th-century Chinese geographic works, this was a common transliteration for Libya, used here to refer to the entire continent of Africa.: Eastern, Southern, and Northern Regions

Eastern Regions Including six countries belonging to Portugal and two countries belonging to Aden and Arabia original: 天方 (Tianfang), a traditional Chinese term for the Islamic world, specifically the region around Mecca.

Northern Regions Including four countries belonging to France and one country belonging to Spain original: 呂宋 (Lüsong). While this term usually refers to the island of Luzon in the Philippines, it was frequently used by Qing scholars to denote Spain, the colonial power that ruled the Philippines at the time.

Southern Regions Including one territory belonging to Britain, two countries belonging to Portugal, and various countries ruled by independent local chieftains original: 土酋 (Tuqiu), referring to indigenous or tribal leaders who remained autonomous from European colonial powers.