Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Kingdoms, Vol. 18

Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms: Volume 24

The "Small Western Ocean" (Xiao Xiyang) refers to the Indian Ocean, while "Libya" (Liweizhou) was a historical Chinese term for the continent of Africa.

To the east, there is a British island called Mauritius original: 冒勒矣 (Maoleyi). Its circumference is four hundred and fifty li li: a Chinese unit of distance, approximately 500 meters or one-third of a mile. It produces commodities such as white sugar. The value of goods imported there annually is 2,700,000 silver taels tael: a unit of weight for silver used as currency; one tael is approximately 37 grams, while the total value of exports is one million taels.

France original: 佛國 (Foguo); literally "The Buddha Country," a common 19th-century phonetic transcription for France (Falanxi) occupies Bourbon original: 捕耳木 (Bu'ermu); the island was renamed Réunion during the French Revolution, but the name Bourbon was often still used in the 19th century, which has a population of 97,200 men. It produces white sugar, coffee, cloves, and other goods, with an annual value of 1,860,000 silver taels. However, the island lacks a harbor for anchoring; whenever violent gales occur, ships find it difficult to avoid being damaged or destroyed. Beyond these three islands referring to Madagascar, Mauritius, and Bourbon, there are also the Qi Islands original: 碁島 (Qidao); likely referring to the Chagos Archipelago or a general description of islands scattered "like pieces on a chess board", which abound in coconuts.

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