Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Kingdoms, Vol. 21

Page Three

The Atlantic Ocean: Portugal

original: 布魯亞國 (Bùlǔyà guó); an archaic phonetic rendering of "Portugal."

Located to the southwest of Spain original: 大呂宋 (Dà Lǚsòng); literally "Great Luzon," the standard term used by Qing-era writers to refer to the Spanish Empire due to its presence in the Philippines, the kingdom is bordered entirely by the Atlantic Ocean original: 阿蘭底海 (Ālándǐ Hǎi); a phonetic transcription of "Atlantic". Its territory encompasses thirty-eight thousand, eight hundred square li a li is a traditional Chinese unit of distance, roughly 500 meters. The population is recorded as three hundred and fifty-three thousand households the text lists "353," but in the context of historical gazetteers, this unit usually implies thousands of households. It governs six large administrative districts provinces: original: 部落 (bùluò); while usually meaning "tribes," here it refers to provincial jurisdictions and fifty smaller districts. In their customs, they follow Catholicism.

Estremadura original: 伊斯里麻魯那 (Yīsīlǐ málǔnà) To the east, it is bounded by the Atlantic The text indicates "East," though geographically the Atlantic lies to the west of Portugal; this reflects the orientation of the source maps used by the author; it governs twelve small districts. To the northwest, it borders Minho.

Entre-Douro original: 晏特厘多羅 (Yàntèlǐ duōluó) To the northeast, it borders Spain; to the west, the Atlantic Ocean; to the south, Trás-os-Montes. It governs four small districts.

Trás-os-Montes original: 特拉斯阿滿底 (Tèlāsī ā mǎndǐ) To the east, it borders Spain; to the west, the Atlantic Ocean; to the south, Minho; and to the north, Entre-Douro. It governs five small districts.

Minho original: 彌那 (Mínà) To the southeast, it borders Spain; to the south, Estremadura; to the west, Trás-os-Montes; and to the north, the Atlantic Ocean. It governs [several] small districts.